Auditory Object Formation and Its Neural Correlates in Cortical Evoked Responses

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Дәйексөз келтіру

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Аннотация

Hearing out of a specific sound in a complex acoustic environment, also known as auditory figure-ground segregation, presents a challenge that each listener must overcome on a daily basis. The constituents of acoustic scenes often overlap both in time and in frequency content. The human auditory system constantly analyzes them using concurrent and sequential grouping mechanisms, and either forms stable auditory objects, or shows perceptual switching between integrated and segregated organization of auditory stream. This review focuses on auditory evoked potentials (ERPs) as a tool for studying the perceptual separation of auditory objects in various experimental settings, and emphasizes the role of spatial sound features which can support auditory segregation, though spatial effects are generally weaker than spectral and temporal sound properties. The pre-attentive stage of simultaneous grouping and figure-ground segregation is reflected in object-related negativity (ORN). The next positive P400 wave likely represents cognitive processing related to decision making about the number of auditory objects. The analysis of ERPs allows for the study of different stages of auditory stream segregation, where ongoing stimulation does not vary and its perception switches regularly between two perceptual states. ERP components P1, N1, N2, P3a, MMN and the sustained response can serve as indicators of perceptual switching during segregation of auditory streams. To date, neural correlates of localization features during figure-ground segregation have remained underexplored. From a fundamental perspective, it is essential that auditory segregation occurs at the pre-attentive stage of perception. However, it can also be observed in late ERP components related to attention switching. Overall, ERPs can be a potential clinical tool for evaluating auditory object formation in real-life situations.

Авторлар туралы

L. Shestopalova

Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: shestopalovalb@infran.ru
St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia

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