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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6630</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6622</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">100497</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/26586630.2021.3.200998</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Heart failure in children and adolescents (high yield topics for primary care pediatrician)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сердечная недостаточность у детей и подростков (что нужно знать педиатру, наблюдающему ребенка на участке)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8149-7669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Delyagin</surname><given-names>Wassili M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Делягин</surname><given-names>Василий Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Scientific and educational biomedical cluster "Translational Medicine", Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. педиатрии и организации здравоохранения ФГБУ «НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева»; Научно-образовательный биомедицинский кластер «Трансляционная медицина», ФГАОУ ВО РУДН</p></bio><email>delyagin-doktor@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukjanova</surname><given-names>Inna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянова</surname><given-names>Ирина Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Children's City Polyclinic №130</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, кардиолог ГБУЗ ДГП №130</p></bio><email>dgp130-f1@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific and educational biomedical cluster "Translational Medicine"</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-образовательный биомедицинский кластер «Трансляционная медицина»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Children's City Polyclinic №130</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Детская городская поликлиника №130» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>277</fpage><lpage>284</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-02-10"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-02-10"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/100497">https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/100497</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>HF in children is a life-threatening polyethiological state with a tendency to progression. There are acute and chronic heart failure, the causes of which are largely determined by age. Depending on the causes and features of hemodynamics, HF can occur with a stored (and borderline) and with a reduced ejection fraction. In early and young childhood, HF is manifested primarily by a decrease in appetite, sweating, decreased physical activity and a slowdown in physical development. At an older age, shortness of breath, edema, and enlargement of the liver are highlighted. The determination of biochemical markers of myocardial insufficiency (natriuretic peptide, troponin) is important for assessing the degree of HF, although the standards for their concentration for different age groups require further refinement. An instrumental study noted a decrease in myocardial contractility. Initially, myocardial oxygen consumption is increasing, which indicates its irrational use and corresponds to increased peroxidation. Subsequently, myocardial oxygen consumption decreases even without signs of coronary pathology. Treatment should include mandatory sufficient calorie intake, sparing regimen, complex drug therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Сердечная недостаточность (СН) у детей – жизнеугрожающее полиэтиологическое состояние со склонностью к прогрессии. Выделяют острую и хроническую СН, причины которой во многом определяются возрастом. В зависимости от причин и особенностей гемодинамики СН может протекать с сохраненной и сниженной фракцией выброса. В раннем и младшем детском возрасте СН проявляется снижением аппетита, потливостью, сниженной физической активностью и замедлением физического развития. В более старшем возрасте на первый план выходят одышка, отеки, увеличение печени. Определение биохимических маркеров недостаточности миокарда (натрийуретический пептид, тропонин) важно для оценки степени СН, хотя нормативы их концентрации для разных возрастных групп требуют дальнейшего уточнения. При инструментальном исследовании отмечают снижение сократимости миокарда. Первоначально потребление кислорода миокардом нарастает, что свидетельствует о его нерациональном использовании и соответствует усилению перекисного окисления. В последующем потребление кислорода миокардом снижается даже без признаков коронарной патологии. Лечение должно предполагать обязательное достаточное потребление калорий, щадящий режим, комплексную медикаментозную терапию.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>heart failure</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kumar V, Abbas A, Aster J. Robbins and Cotran Pathology Basis of Disease. 9th Edition. 2015; p. 1408.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Rossano JW, Shaddy RE. Heart failure in children: etiology and treatment. J Pediatr. 2014;165(2):228-33.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Satou G. Pediatric congestive heart failure. Available at: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2069746-overview. 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