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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6630</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6622</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">100647</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/26586630.2021.4.201330</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">On the importance of implementing the vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents of the Russian Federation program to improve anti-infectious immunity and long-term health prognosis in children</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>О значении реализации программы «Недостаточность витамина D у детей и подростков Российской Федерации» для улучшения противоинфекционного иммунитета и долгосрочного прогноза состояния здоровья детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2521-0824</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">376463</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6257-4400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyavskaya</surname><given-names>Svetlana I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малявская</surname><given-names>Светлана Ивановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., проректор по научно-инновационной работе, зав. каф. педиатрии</p></bio><email>malyavskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северный государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>362</fpage><lpage>368</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-02-13"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-02-13"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/100647">https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/100647</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the literature data on the immunomodulatory properties of vitamin D and the results of studies in which the increased risk and frequency of various respiratory infections in children with its deficiency were noted. Vitamin D belongs to the class of secosteroids and, having a pleiotropic mechanism of action, plays an important role in maintaining basic regulatory functions in the body during all periods of ontogenesis. As numerous studies show, adequate provision of vitamin D helps to reduce morbidity, including infectious, and its low level is associated with many negative aspects in relation to a number of diseases (cancer, allergies, autoimmune, cardiac). The ability of vitamin D to act as a protective factor, providing an immunomodulatory response and, conversely, in the presence of deficiency to act as a risk factor for the development and course of respiratory viral infection makes it relevant to search for relationships and causal factors. Use of vitamin D preparations is necessary for prevention and treatment of children and adults at complex approach to therapy of infections, including SARS-CoV-2.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье приведены данные литературы, свидетельствующие об иммуномодулирующих свойствах витамина D, и результаты исследований, в которых отмечено повышение риска и частоты возникновения разных респираторных инфекций при его дефиците у детей. Витамин D относится к классу секостероидов и, обладая плейотропным механизмом действия, играет важную роль в поддержании основных регулирующих функций в организме во все периоды онтогенеза. Как показывают многочисленные исследования, адекватная обеспеченность витамином D способствует снижению заболеваемости, в том числе инфекционной, и с его низким уровнем сопряжено много негативных моментов в отношении ряда заболеваний (онкологические, аллергические, аутоиммунные, кардиологические). Способность витамина D выступать протективным фактором, обеспечивающим иммуномодулирующий ответ и, напротив, при наличии дефицита выступать фактором риска развития и течения респираторной вирусной инфекции делает актуальным поиск взаимосвязей и причинно-следственных факторов. Использование препаратов витамина D необходимо для профилактики и лечения детей и взрослых при комплексном подходе к терапии инфекций, в том числе и SARS-CoV-2.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vitamin D</kwd><kwd>25-hydroxycholecalciferol</kwd><kwd>acute respiratory viral infection</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>infectious diseases</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>витамин D</kwd><kwd>25-гидроксихолекальциферол</kwd><kwd>острая респираторная вирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>недостаточность и дефицит витамина D</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>инфекционные заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Боровик Т.Э., Громова О.А., Захарова И.Н., и др. 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