Pediatrics. Consilium MedicumPediatrics. Consilium MedicumПедиатрия. Consilium Medicum2658-66302658-6622Consilium Medicum63689810.26442/26586630.2024.3.202958ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticleBreast milk oligosaccharides are the most essential ingredient in breast milk, affecting the health of infants: A reviewОлигосахариды грудного молока – важнейший ингредиент грудного молока, влияющий на здоровье младенцевhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598ZakharovaIrina N.ЗахароваИрина Николаевна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.

д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского

zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-2121-4010OrobinskayaYana V.ОробинскаяЯна Владимировна
Russian Federation

Graduate Student

аспирант каф. педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского

zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-5619SugianNarine G.СугянНарине Григорьевна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского, зам. глав. врача

narine6969@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2847-6268BerezhnayaIrina V.БережнаяИрина Владимировна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского

zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ruRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава РоссииKhimki HospitalГБУЗ МО «Химкинская больница»0111202433263331010202410102024Copyright ©; 2024, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2024, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2024Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/636898

Breastfeeding remains the “gold standard” of nutrition for children in the first years of life. However, factors such as hypogalactia, maternal stress, health problems and simply an unwillingness to breastfeed deprive the baby of breast milk (BM) and challenge pediatricians to choose an alternative food for the baby. The BM composition is complex, dynamic, and of scientific interest, and the attention of most scientists is directed to BM oligosaccharides (BMOs). Many benefits of BMOs have been proven in relation to the child's health, including the formation of the intestinal microbiota, maturation of the immune response, contribution to the barrier function of the intestine, and protection against pathogens. In the absence of breastfeeding, modern formulas containing BMOs can be used. The addition of a combination of 5 BMOs is a promising and effective approach to maintaining the overall health of formula-fed infants.

Грудное вскармливание остается «золотым стандартом» питания детей первых лет жизни. Однако такие факторы, как гипогалактия, стресс матери, проблемы со здоровьем и просто отсутствие желания кормить грудью, лишают ребенка грудного молока (ГМ) и ставят перед педиатром вопрос о выборе альтернативного питания. Состав ГМ сложен, динамичен и вызывает научный интерес, а внимание большинства ученых направлено на олигосахариды ГМ (ОГМ). Огромное количество позитивных эффектов ОГМ доказано в отношении здоровья ребенка. Они касаются не только формирования кишечной микробиоты, становления иммунного ответа, но и влияния на барьерную функцию кишечника и защиты от патогенов. При отсутствии грудного вскармливания можно использовать современные искусственные смеси, содержащие ОГМ. В настоящее время добавление комбинации из 5 ОГМ является многообещающим и эффективным подходом к поддержанию общего здоровья детей, находящихся на искусственном вскармливании.

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