Pediatrics. Consilium MedicumPediatrics. Consilium MedicumПедиатрия. Consilium Medicum2658-66302658-6622Consilium Medicum67807810.26442/26586630.2025.1.203216ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticleHistory of the study of the composition and properties of human urineИстория изучения состава и свойств мочи человекаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598ZakharovaIrina N.ЗахароваИрина Николаевна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.

доктор медицинских наук, проф., зав. кафедры педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского, засл. врач РФ

zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-0335-0704ChurilovaViktoriya D.ЧуриловаВиктория Дмитриевна
Russian Federation

Graduate Studentn

аспирант кафедры педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского

zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ruRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России04042025118140304202503042025Copyright ©; 2025, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2025, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2025Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/678078

The history of urine testing is deeply rooted in ancient times. Ancient civilizations mastered the art of urine testing by its appearance, and later, this test was deeply seated as an integral diagnostic method, as evidenced by numerous historical documents. Ancient knowledge, systematized and communicated through written sources, remains the basis for diagnosis and medical practice. Uroscopy, initially a visual-descriptive method, has been improved using modern technologies. To date, new opportunities for urine testing have become available, which has drastically changed clinical practice. The article presents the key takeaways of the history of studying the composition and properties of urine and also prospects for this diagnostic method.

История исследования мочи уходит глубоко корнями в архаичность. Представители древних цивилизаций овладели искусством анализа мочи по ее внешнему виду, и в дальнейшем данный анализ прочно укоренился в качестве неотъемлемого диагностического метода, о чем свидетельствуют многочисленные исторические документы. Древние знания, систематизированные и переданные через письменные источники, до сих пор служат основой для диагностики и лечебной практики. Уроскопия, будучи изначально визуально-описательным методом, усовершенствовалась с помощью современных технологий. К настоящему моменту открыты новые возможности для исследования мочи, что коренным образом изменило клиническую практику. В статье представлена квинтэссенция истории изучения состава и свойств мочи, также она дает представление о перспективах применения диагностического метода.

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