Pediatrics. Consilium MedicumPediatrics. Consilium MedicumПедиатрия. Consilium Medicum2658-66302658-6622Consilium Medicum67808710.26442/26586630.2025.1.203219ArticlesСтатьиReview ArticleUrinary tract infection in children. The role of primary health care in the diagnosis and management of urinary tract infection in children: A reviewИнфекция мочевых путей у детей. Роль первичного звена здравоохранения в диагностике и лечении инфекции мочевых путей у детейhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598ZakharovaIrina N.ЗахароваИрина Николаевна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.

доктор медицинских наук, проф., зав. кафедры педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского, засл. врач РФ

alex.goriaynowa@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3181-9601OsmanovIsmail M.ОсмановИсмаил Магомедович
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.

доктор медицинских наук, проф., дир. Университетской педиатрической клиники, глав. врач

alex.goriaynowa@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-9339-4152GoryainovaAleksandra N.ГоряйноваАлександра Никитична
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.)n Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

канд. медицинских наук, доц. кафедры педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского

alex.goriaynowa@yandex.ruTambievaEkaterina V.ТамбиеваЕкатерина Валерьевна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

канд. медицинских наук, зав. нефрологическим отделением

alex.goriaynowa@yandex.ruShesterikovNikolai V.ШестериковНиколай Викторович
Russian Federation

Nephrologist

врач-нефролог

alex.goriaynowa@yandex.ruRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава РоссииPirogov Russian National Research Medical University (Pirogov University)ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России (Пироговский Университет)MoscowГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница им. З.А. Башляевой» Департамента здравоохранения г. МосквыBashlyaeva Children’s City Clinical HospitalФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава РоссииRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница им. З.А. Башляевой» Департамента здравоохранения г. МосквыBashlyaeva Children’s City Clinical HospitalГБУЗ «Детская городская клиническая больница им. З.А. Башляевой» Департамента здравоохранения г. МосквыBashlyaeva Children’s City Clinical Hospital040420251123310304202503042025Copyright ©; 2025, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2025, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2025Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/678087

Timely diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) is crucial for adequate antibacterial therapy that prevents nephrosclerosis, renal hypertension, and chronic renal failure. Even the first episode of UTI with fever can cause changes in the kidney's structure in 50-85% of children with delayed antibiotic administration, regardless of the presence of urinary tract congenital abnormalities. Therefore, the role of the primary health care provider, the local pediatrician, is of paramount importance. Awareness of risk factors for UTI development, clinical signs of the disease in children of different age groups, and examination methods is a prerequisite for effective antibacterial therapy, prevention of UTI relapse, and follow-up.

Своевременная диагностика инфекции мочевых путей (ИМП) необходима для назначения адекватной антибактериальной терапии, препятствующей развитию нефросклероза, ренальной гипертензии, хронической почечной недостаточности. Известно, что уже первый эпизод ИМП, протекающий с лихорадкой, может вызвать изменения структуры почки у 50–85% детей при позднем назначении антибиотиков независимо от того, есть аномалии развития мочевых путей или нет. С этих позиций роль первичного звена здравоохранения, участкового врача-педиатра имеет первостепенное значение. Знание факторов риска развития ИМП, клинических признаков болезни у детей разных возрастных групп, методов обследования является условием эффективной антибактериальной терапии, профилактики рецидивов ИМП и диспансерного наблюдения.

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