<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6630</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6622</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">678107</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/26586630.2025.1.203205</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A clinical case of ulcerative colitis complicated by rectal stenosis in a 14-year-old child. Case report</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинический случай язвенного колита, осложненного стенозом прямой кишки, у ребенка 14 лет</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9536-5819</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rimskaya</surname><given-names>Alena M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Римская</surname><given-names>Алена Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры детских болезней Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова</p></bio><email>drrimskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-5168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samolygo</surname><given-names>Ivan S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самолыго</surname><given-names>Иван Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент IV курса Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова</p></bio><email>drrimskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2316-3708</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lim</surname><given-names>Yuen K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лим</surname><given-names>Юн Кай</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student</p> <p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры детских болезней Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова</p> <p> </p></bio><email>drrimskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3364-610X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yablokova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яблокова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. медицинских наук, доц. кафедры детских болезней Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова, вед. науч. сотр. отд. педиатрии</p></bio><email>drrimskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-0171</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелов</surname><given-names>Александр Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Acad. RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>акад. РАН, доктор медицинских наук, проф., проф. кафедры детских болезней Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова, зам. директора по научной работе</p></bio><email>drrimskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical Institute of Childhood</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ МО «Научно-исследовательский клинический институт детства» Минздрава Московской области</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Central Research Institute of Epidemiology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-03"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-03"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/678107">https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/678107</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) include two main entities: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Despite the awareness of specialists, the knowledge of pathogenesis, and advances in diagnostics, there are still patients in whom the clinical, endoscopic, and histological presentation does not fully correspond to one of the diseases, which is defined as undifferentiated colitis. Subsequently, some of these cases are verified as UC or CD; however, other patients are followed up for a long time with an uncertain diagnosis. Nevertheless, differential diagnosis is crucial for the choice of therapeutic tactics, risk assessment of surgical treatment, and prognosis of colorectal cancer. The article aims to demonstrate the challenges of differential diagnosis of UC and CD in a child with rectal stenosis. In the described case, low compliance in a girl with UC led to significant errors in traditional therapy regimens, the development of complications that irreversibly change the anatomical structure of the colon and complicate the examination, mimicking the course of stenosing CD. The clinical case emphasizes the need for more detailed criteria for differential diagnosis and additional therapeutic algorithms, with an earlier use of genetically engineered biological agents as disease-modifying therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>К воспалительным заболеваниям кишечника (ВЗК) относятся 2 основные нозологии – язвенный колит (ЯК) и болезнь Крона (БК). Несмотря на осведомленность специалистов, изученность патогенеза, высокое развитие диагностики, остаются пациенты, у которых клиническая, эндоскопическая и гистологическая картина не соответствуют в полной мере одному из заболеваний, что определяется как недифференцируемый колит. Впоследствии часть этих случаев верифицируется как ЯК или БК, однако другие пациенты длительно наблюдаются с неопределенным диагнозом. Тем не менее дифференциальная диагностика крайне важна для выбора терапевтической тактики, оценки рисков хирургического лечения и прогноза развития колоректального рака. Цель публикации – демонстрация сложностей дифференциальной диагностики ЯК и БК у ребенка со стенозом прямой кишки. В приведенном наблюдении у девочки с ЯК низкий комплаенс привел к значительным погрешностям в традиционных схемах терапии, развитию осложнений, необратимо изменяющих анатомическое строение толстой кишки и затрудняющих обследование, имитирующих течение стенозирующей БК. Клинический случай подчеркивает необходимость создания более детальных критериев дифференциальной диагностики, с разработкой дополнительных терапевтических алгоритмов, с более ранним назначением препаратов генно-инженерной биологической терапии как изменяющих патоморфоз заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>inflammatory bowel disease</kwd><kwd>ulcerative colitis</kwd><kwd>Crohn's disease</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis</kwd><kwd>rectal stenosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>воспалительные заболевания кишечника</kwd><kwd>язвенный колит</kwd><kwd>болезнь Крона</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>стеноз прямой кишки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Lomazi EA, Oba J, Rodrigues M, et al. Brazilian consensus on the management of inflammatory bowel diseases in pediatric patients: a consensus of the Brazilian organization for Crohn's disease and colitis (GEDIIB). Arq Gastroenterol. 2023;59 (suppl. 1):85-124. DOI:10.1590/S0004-2803.2022005S1-04</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Корниенко Е.А. Воспалительные заболевания кишечника у детей. М.: Прима Принт, 2019 [Kornienko EA. Vospalitel'nye zabolevaniia kishechnika u detei. Moscow: Prima Print, 2019 (in Russian)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Vernon-Roberts A, Chan P, Christensen B, et al. Pediatric to Adult Transition in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Consensus Guidelines for Australia and New Zealand. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. 2024;izae087. DOI:10.1093/ibd/izae087</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Kuenzig ME, Fung SG, Marderfel L, et al. Тwenty-first century trends in the global epidemiology of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review. Gastroenterology. 2022;162(4):1147-59. e4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Язвенный колит. Клинические рекомендации. 2025. Режим доступа: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/391_3. Ссылка активна на 16.10.2024 [Ulcerative Colitis. Clinical Guidelines. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/391_3. Accessed: 16.10.2024 (in Russian)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Болезнь Крона. Клинические рекомендации. 2024. Режим доступа: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/682_2. Ссылка активна на 16.10.2024 [Crohn's disease. Clinical guidelines. 2024. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/preview-cr/682_2. Accessed: 16.10.2024 (in Russian)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Turner D, Ruemmele FM, Orlanski-Meyer E, et al. Management of Paediatric Ulcerative Colitis, Part 1: Ambulatory Care – An Evidence-based Guideline From European Crohn’s and Colitis Organization and European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018;67(2):257-91. DOI:10.1097/MPG.0000000000002035</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Chu X, Biao Y, Liu C, et al. Network meta-analysis on efficacy and safety of different biologics for ulcerative colitis. BMC Gastroenterol. 2023;23(1):346. DOI:10.1186/s12876-023-02938-6</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Garber A, Regueiro M. Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, and management. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2019;21(7):31. DOI:10.1007/s11894-019-0698-1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Rogler G, Singh A, Kavanaugh A, Rubin DT. Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease: current concepts, treatment, and implications for disdisease management. Gastroenterology. 2021;1614:1118-32. DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2021.07.042</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>van Rheenen PF, Aloi M, Assa A, et al. The Medical Management of Paediatric Crohn’s Disease: an ECCO-ESPGHAN Guideline Update. J Crohns Colitis. 2021;15(2):171-94. DOI:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjaa161</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Birimberg-Schwartz L, Wilson DC, Kolho KL, et al.; paediatric IBD Porto group of ESPGHAN. pANCA and ASCA in Children with IBD-Unclassified, Crohn's Colitis, and Ulcerative Colitis-A Longitudinal Report from the IBD Porto Group of ESPGHAN. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2016;22(8):1908-14. DOI:10.1097/MIB.0000000000000784</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Levine A, Koletzko S, Turner D, et al. ESPGHAN revised Porto criteria for the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014;58(6):795-806. DOI:10.1097/MPG.0000000000000239</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Management of Paediatric Ulcerative Colitis, Part 1: Ambulatory Care-An Evidence-based Guideline From European Crohn's and Colitis Organization and European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition: Erratum. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2020;71(6):794. DOI:10.1097/MPG.0000000000002967. Erratum for: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018;67(2):257-91. DOI:10.1097/MPG.0000000000002035</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Carvalho RS, Abadom V, Dilworth HP, et al. Indeterminate colitis: a significant subgroup of pediatric IBD. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2006;12(4):258-62. DOI:10.1097/01.MIB.0000215093.62245.b9</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Heyman MB, Kirschner BS, Gold BD, et al. Children with early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): analysis of a pediatric IBD consortium registry. J Pediatr. 2005;146(1):35-40. DOI:10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.08.043</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Lennard-Jones JE. Classification of inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1989;24(suppl. 170):2-6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Winter DA, Karolewska-Bochenek K, Lazowska-Przeorek I, et al. Pediatric IBD-unclassified is less common than previously reported; results of an 8-year audit of the EUROKIDS registry. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2015;21:2145-53.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Birimberg-Schwartz L, Zucker DM, Akriv A, et al. Development and validation of diagnostic criteria for IBD subtypes including IBD-unclassified in children: a multicentre study from the pediatric IBD Porto Group of ESPGHAN. J Crohns Colitis. 2017;11:1078-84.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Amil-Dias J, Kolacek S, Turner D, et al. Surgical Management of Crohn Disease in Children: Guidelines From the Paediatric IBD Porto Group of ESPGHAN. JPGN. 2017;64(5):818-35. DOI:10.1097/MPG.0000000000001562</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Sosna B, Aebisher D, Myśliwiec A, et al. Selected Cytokines and Metalloproteinases in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25:202. DOI:10.3390/ijms25010202</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Blackburn SC, Wiskin AE, Barnes C, et al. Surgery for children with Crohn’s disease: indications, complications and outcome. Arch Dis Child. 2014;99:420-26. DOI:10.1136/archdischild-2013-305214</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Федулова Э.Н., Шабунина Е.И., Гордецов А.С., Лебедев А.В. Новый подход к дифференциальной диагностике болезни Крона и язвенного колита у детей. Вестник Северо-Западного государственного медицинского университета им. И.И. Мечникова. 2013;5(1):84-7 [Fedulova EN, Shabunina EI, Gordetsov AS, Lebedev AV. A new approach to the differential diagnosis Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in children. Vestnik Severo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta im. I.I. Mechnikova. 2013;5(1):84-7 (in Russian)].</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>IBD Working Group of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents: recommendations for diagnosis – the Porto criteria. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005;41(1):1-7. DOI:10.1097/01.mpg.0000163736.30261.82</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Horn MP, Peter AM, Righini Grunder F, et al. PR3-ANCA and panel diagnostics in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease to distinguish ulcerative colitis from Crohn’s disease. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(12):e0208974. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0208974.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Kang DY, Park JL, Yeo MK, et al. Diagnosis of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis using the microbiome. BMC Microbiol. 2023;23(1):336. DOI:10.1186/s12866-023-03084-5</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Kasperczuk A, Daniluk J, Dardzinska A. Smart Model to Distinguish Crohn’s Disease from Ulcerative Colitis. Appl Sci. 2019;9(8):1650. DOI:10.3390/app9081650</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Maurício J, Domingues I. Distinguishing between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis using deep learning models with interpretability. Pattern Anal Applic. 2024;27(1). DOI:10.1007/s10044-023-01206-3</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
