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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6630</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6622</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">689444</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/26586630.2025.4.203406</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Features of the perinatal period of children born to mothers with chronic viral hepatitis B: An observational study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности перинатального периода детей, рожденных от матерей с хроническим вирусным гепатитом В</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1083-2807</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pervishko</surname><given-names>Olesia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Первишко</surname><given-names>Олеся Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доц., зав. каф. педиатрии №1</p></bio><email>ole-pervishko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3495-3435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bryksina</surname><given-names>Evgeniia I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брыксина</surname><given-names>Евгения Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. педиатрии и неонатологии</p></bio><email>ole-pervishko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Ирина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского</p></bio><email>ole-pervishko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rostov State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>350</fpage><lpage>354</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-18"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/689444">https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/689444</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Aim.</bold> To study the perinatal period of children born to mothers with chronic viral hepatitis B, identifying the leading risk factors contributing to the development of chronic HBV infection.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> An observational study was conducted involving 52 newborns with perinatal HBV exposure and their mothers. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the manifestation of chronic HBV infection. Group 1 included 23 patients with active chronic HBV infection, Group 2 included 29 children with perinatal HBV contact, and Group 3 (control group) included children born to healthy mothers. The duration of observation was 18±3 months. In children, weight, body length, Apgar score, and features of the neonatal period were assessed, comparing with the pregnancy course, and the birth period in mothers with chronic HBV infection. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the percentages in the analysis of multivariate contingency tables were compared using the Pearson χ<sup>2</sup> test.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The average body length of newborns in Group 1 was 1.5 cm less (<italic>p</italic>=0.891). At birth, patients in Group 1 (37.5%) had signs of mild asphyxia, which statistically significantly differed from children in Groups 2 and 3 (<italic>p</italic><sub>1–2</sub>&lt;0.001; <italic>p</italic><sub>2–3</sub>&lt;0.001). In the early neonatal period, Group 1 infants were significantly more likely to have congenital pneumonia (<italic>p</italic><sub>1–2</sub>&lt;0.001). A significantly lower number of pregnancies was noted in the group of women whose children subsequently developed chronic HBV infection (Group 1; <italic>p</italic>&lt;0.008); no statistical difference was found in the method of delivery (<italic>p</italic>=0.564). During delivery, mothers from Group 1 significantly more often had their membranes opened, and 59% had an anhydrous interval of more than 12 hours.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The perinatal period in newborns who have developed chronic HBV infection due to vertical transmission was complicated by a lower body length, a significant decrease in the Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes, and the development of congenital pneumonia. It was found that mothers with chronic HBV hepatitis had significantly lower number of pregnancies and their fetal membranes were more often opened during the delivery.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель.</bold> Изучение особенностей перинатального периода детей, рожденных от матерей с хроническим вирусным гепатитом В, с определением ведущих факторов риска, способствующих развитию хронической HBV-инфекции.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведено наблюдательное исследование 52 новорожденных, имеющих перинатальный контакт по HBV, и их матерей. Пациенты разделены на 2 группы в зависимости от реализации хронической HBV-инфекции. В группу 1 вошли 23 пациента с реализовавшейся хронической HBV-инфекцией, группу 2 составили 29 детей с перинатальным контактом по HBV, группа 3 (контрольная группа) – дети, рожденные от условно здоровых матерей. Длительность наблюдения – 18±3 мес. У детей оценивали массо-ростовые показатели, данные оценки по шкале Апгар, особенности течения неонатального периода, которые сопоставлялись с течением беременности, родового периода на фоне хронической вирусной HBV-инфекции. Статистический анализ данных проводили с помощью критерия Краскела–Уоллиса, процентные доли при анализе многопольных таблиц сопряженности сравнивали с помощью критерия χ<sup>2</sup> Пирсона.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Средняя длина тела новорожденных 1-й группы в среднем меньше на 1,5 см (<italic>p</italic>=0,891). На момент рождения 37,5% пациентов группы 1 имели признаки асфиксии легкой степени, что статистически значимо отличалось от детей групп 2 и 3 (<italic>p</italic><sub>1–2</sub>&lt;0,001; <italic>p</italic><sub>2–3</sub>&lt;0,001). В ранний неонатальный период у детей группы 1 достоверно чаще выявляли врожденную пневмонию (<italic>p</italic><sub>1–2</sub>&lt;0,001). Достоверно меньшее число беременностей отмечено в группе женщин, чьи дети в дальнейшем сформировали хроническую HBV-инфекцию (группа 1; <italic>p</italic>&lt;0,008), по способу родоразрешения не выявлено статистической разницы (<italic>р</italic>=0,564). В группе 1 достоверно чаще в интранатальном периоде матерям вскрывали плодные оболочки и 59% женщин имели безводный промежуток более 12 ч.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Течение перинатального периода у новорожденных, реализовавших хроническую HBV-инфекцию в результате вертикальной передачи, ассоциировано с уменьшением длины тела новорожденных, достоверным снижением оценки по шкале Апгар на 1 и 5-й минуте, развитием врожденной пневмонии. Определено, что матери с хроническим HBV-гепатитом имели достоверное снижение количества беременностей и в родах им чаще вскрывали плодные оболочки.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>HBV infection in newborns</kwd><kwd>vertical transmission of HBV infection</kwd><kwd>perinatal period</kwd><kwd>pregnant</kwd><kwd>newborn</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический гепатит В</kwd><kwd>HBV-инфекция у новорожденных</kwd><kwd>вертикальная передача HBV-инфекции</kwd><kwd>перинатальный период</kwd><kwd>беременная</kwd><kwd>новорожденный</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>World Health Organization. Interim guidance for country validation of viral hepatitis elimination. 2023. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240078635. 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