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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6630</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6622</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">689511</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/26586630.2025.3.203414</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The importance of collecting a family history of severe cardiovascular diseases in children with familial hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia of other origins: A retrospective study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Важность сбора семейного анамнеза по сердечно-сосудистой патологии у детей с семейной гиперхолестеринемией и дислипидемией иного генеза</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2181-8138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pupykina</surname><given-names>Victoria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пупыкина</surname><given-names>Виктория Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аssistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент каф. педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского</p></bio><email>vika-pupykina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Ирина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского</p></bio><email>vika-pupykina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>264</fpage><lpage>267</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-19"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-03"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/689511">https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/689511</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Currently, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) retain their leading positions in the structure of morbidity and are not only the leading cause of mortality, but also the main factor in population disability. The main pathogenetic link in CVD of atherosclerotic genesis is atherogenic dyslipidemia. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) plays a special role. Identification of family history is a prerequisite for timely diagnosis and prevention of CVD.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To conduct a comparative analysis and quantitative assessment of the frequency of cardiovascular events among relatives of children suffering from FH, as well as dyslipidemia of other genesis (DOG).</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> The study was conducted at the Bashlyaeva City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Health Department from January 2022 to August 2024. The study included 1,163 children diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia of various origins. Of these, 446 children with FH and 717 children with DOG.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> When assessing the family history of 446 patients with FH, 161 children (36.1%) were identified whose relatives died as a result of acute cardiovascular events (ACVE) [n = 211]. 143 relatives of 127 patients (28.48%) with FH suffered ACVE but remained alive. As a result of the analysis of the family history, it was revealed that 71 relatives of 79 children (17.71%) with FH underwent surgery. The family history of relatives of patients (n = 717) with DOG showed that 160 relatives of 136 patients (18.97%) also died as a result of ACVE. 231 relatives of 193 patients (26.92%) with DOG suffered ACVE but remained alive. Surgical intervention was in the anamnesis of 30 relatives of 22 patients (3.07%) with DOG.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The study showed that 64.57% of patients with FH had relatives who suffered or died from ACVE, while in the group of individuals with DOG this figure was 45.89%. The frequency of ACVE among relatives of patients with FH was 18.68% higher than in the group of patients with DOG. These data indicate a higher expression of familial risk within FH compared to other forms of dyslipidemia. Thus, systematic analysis of family history in all children with hypercholesterolemia, regardless of its genesis, contributes to early identification of high-risk groups and allows timely implementation of preventive measures and prescription of targeted treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> В настоящее время сердечно-сосудистые заболевания (ССЗ) сохраняют лидирующие позиции в структуре заболеваемости и становятся не только ведущей причиной смертности, но и основным фактором инвалидизации населения. Основное патогенетическое звено ССЗ атеросклеротического генеза – атерогенная дислипидемия. Особую роль играет семейная гиперхолестеринемия (СГХС). Выявление семейного анамнеза – необходимое условие для своевременной диагностики и профилактики ССЗ.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Провести сравнительный анализ и количественную оценку частоты сердечно-сосудистых событий среди родственников детей, страдающих СГХС, а также дислипидемией иного генеза (ДИГ).</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Исследование проводилось на базе ГБУЗ «ДГКБ им. З.А. Башляевой» в период с января 2022 г. по август 2024 г. В исследование включены 1163 ребенка с диагностированной гиперхолестеринемией различного генеза, из них 446 детей с СГХС и 717 детей с ДИГ.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При оценке семейного анамнеза 446 пациентов с СГХС выявлен 161 ребенок (36,1%), родственники которого погибли в результате острых сердечно-сосудистых событий (ОССС) [n = 211]. Перенесли ОССС, но остались живы 143 родственника 127 пациентов (28,48%) с СГХС. В результате анализа семейного анамнеза выявлено, что 71 родственник 79 детей (17,71%) с СГХС подвергался оперативному вмешательству. Семейный анамнез родственников пациентов (n = 717) с ДИГ показал, что 160 родственников 136 пациентов (18,97%) погибли в результате ОССС. Перенесли ОССС, но остались живы 231 родственник 193 пациентов (26,92%) с ДИГ. Оперативное вмешательство было в анамнезе у 30 родственников 22 пациентов (3,07%) с ДИГ.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Результаты исследования показали, что у 64,57% пациентов с СГХС родственники перенесли или погибли от ОССС, тогда как в группе лиц с ДИГ данный показатель составил 45,89%. Частота ОССС среди родственников пациентов с СГХС оказалась на 18,68% выше, чем в группе пациентов с ДИГ. Эти данные свидетельствуют о более высокой выраженности семейного риска в рамках СГХС по сравнению с другими формами дислипидемий. Таким образом, систематический анализ семейного анамнеза у всех детей с гиперхолестеринемией, независимо от ее генеза, способствует ранней идентификации групп высокого риска и позволяет своевременно внедрять профилактические меры и назначать целенаправленное лечение.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>familial hypercholesterolemia</kwd><kwd>dyslipidemia of other origin</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>family history</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>семейная гиперхолестеринемия</kwd><kwd>дислипидемия иного генеза</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>семейный анамнез</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Fakhrzadeh H, Tabatabaei-Malazy O. Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia: from prevention to treatment. 1st ed. 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