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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Pediatrics. Consilium Medicum</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Педиатрия. Consilium Medicum</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2658-6630</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2658-6622</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">691249</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/26586630.2025.3.203457</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">What a pediatrician needs to know about teeth in children: caries, fluorosis, basic care protocols: A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Что нужно знать педиатру о зубах у детей: кариес, флюороз, базовые протоколы ухода</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4200-4598</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>Ирина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. педиатрии им. Г.Н. Сперанского, засл. врач РФ</p></bio><email>zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2121-4010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orobinskaya</surname><given-names>Yana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оробинская</surname><given-names>Яна Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент каф. педиатрии им. акад. Г.Н. Сперанского; врач-педиатр</p></bio><email>zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Khimki Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ МО «Химкинская клиническая больница» Минздрава Московской области</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>222</fpage><lpage>228</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-23"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-03"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/691249">https://pediatria.orscience.ru/2658-6630/article/view/691249</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Caries is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. The unmet need for dental care of baby teeth is high and has an adverse effect on the growth, sleep, nutrition, and quality of life of the child and their family. It is clinically proven that fluoride-containing toothpastes prevent caries and contribute to its control. The anti-caries efficacy of these products is determined by three key factors: fluoride concentration, frequency of hygiene procedures, and post-brushing procedures, including the use of mouthwash upon completion. In the event of improper use of such pastes (ingestion and excessive use), there is a risk of dental fluorosis. Proper use of fluoride-containing oral hygiene products can increase preventive efficacy and minimize the risk of fluorosis. This review systematizes the evidence supporting the routine use of fluoride-containing toothpaste to maximize prophylactic benefits while reducing associated risks. In accordance with the amendments to the Order “On the Procedure for Preventive Medical Examinations of Minors” of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated August 10, 2017 No. 514н, which come into force on September 1, 2025, dental examinations must be carried out annually, starting from the age of 12 months; therefore, the pediatrician needs to participate in the fostering the proper attitudes and practices in the child’s oral care, local fluoride application and limiting sugar consumption.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В современном мире кариес – одно из наиболее распространенных хронических заболеваний детского возраста. Неудовлетворенная потребность в лечении молочных зубов высока и оказывает неблагоприятное влияние на рост, сон, питание, а также качество жизни ребенка и его семьи. Клинически доказано, что фторсодержащие зубные пасты предотвращают развитие кариеса и способствуют его контролю. Противокариозная эффективность этих средств определяется тремя ключевыми детерминантами: концентрацией фторида, частотой проведения гигиенических процедур и поведением после чистки, в том числе полосканием рта по ее завершении. При неправильном применении таких паст (проглатывании и использовании избыточного количества) существует риск формирования флюороза зубов. Корректное использование фторсодержащих средств гигиены полости рта позволяет увеличить профилактическую эффективность и минимизировать вероятность развития флюороза. В настоящем обзоре систематизированы данные, подтверждающие целесообразность регулярного использования зубной пасты с фтором для получения максимальной профилактической пользы при одновременном снижении сопутствующих рисков. В соответствии с поправками к приказу «О порядке проведения профилактических медицинских осмотров несовершеннолетних» Минздрава России от 10 августа 2017 г. № 514н, вступающими в силу с 1 сентября 2025 г., осмотры стоматологом должны проводиться ежегодно, начиная с возраста 12 мес, поэтому особенно важно участие врача-педиатра в формировании у родителей правильных установок и практик в уходе за полостью рта ребенка, по ограничению потребления сахара и местному применению фторида.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>baby teeth</kwd><kwd>early childhood caries</kwd><kwd>fluorosis</kwd><kwd>fluoride</kwd><kwd>fluoride-containing toothpastes</kwd><kwd>breastfeeding</kwd><kwd>toothpaste</kwd><kwd>oral hygiene</kwd><kwd>Streptococcus mutans</kwd><kwd>tooth enamel</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молочные зубы</kwd><kwd>ранний детский кариес</kwd><kwd>флюороз</kwd><kwd>фтор</kwd><kwd>фторсодержащие зубные пасты</kwd><kwd>грудное вскармливание</kwd><kwd>зубная паста</kwd><kwd>гигиена полости рта</kwd><kwd>Streptococcus mutans</kwd><kwd>зубная эмаль</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was published with the support of JSC Haleon Rus</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья опубликована при поддержке АО «Хелеон Рус»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Morris AL, Tadi P. 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