Morphofunctional characteristics of the blood erythron of the golden grey mullet Chelon auratus (Mugilidae) at the early stages of ontogenesis

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Abstract

The hematological characteristics of the circulating blood of the golden grey mullet Chelon auratus (Risso, 1810) in the first 3 years of life were studied. The material was obtained simultaneously in March−April at the mullet fish farm (settlement of Belenkoe, Odessa oblast). It was found that in the first year of the life of the golden mullet, an active production of circulating erythrocyte mass occurs. The level of polychromatophilic normoblasts, reflecting the rate of erythropoietic processes in hematopoietic tissue, reaches maximum values in the peripheral bloodstream of fingerlings. Intracellular hemoglobin synthesis occurs at a lower rate. This is accompanied by the appearance of hypochromic erythrocytes in the blood. The value of the mean cellular hemoglobin content (MCH) is at a minimum level of 28.9 ± 0.8 pg (in third-year fish, 37.1 ± 0.8 pg). The blood of fry and yearlings is dominated by large red blood cells (96.9 ± 4.1 mm3) with high values of the nuclear cytoplasmic ratio (NCR): 0.121 ± 0.011. The NCR index decreases by the second year of life as the MCH increases (R2 = 0.851). In the blood of yearlings, there is a high content of erythrocyte abnormalities (up to 14% of erythroid cells): dacryocytes, cells with invagination of the nucleus, erythrocyte shadows. The presence of dacryocytes in the blood of this age group reflects the development of hypoxia. It follows from the presented results that the first year in the life cycle of the golden grey mullet is the most critical. This should be taken into account when breeding this species in fish farms.

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About the authors

А. А. Soldatov

Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the South Seas, Russian Academy of Sciences; Sevastopol State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: alekssoldatov@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Sevastopol; Sevastopol

A. G. Rokotova

Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the South Seas, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: alekssoldatov@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Sevastopol

T. A. Kukhareva

Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the South Seas, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: alekssoldatov@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Sevastopol

V. N. Rychkova

Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the South Seas, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: alekssoldatov@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Sevastopol

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2. Fig. 1. Hematological characteristics (mean values) of circulating blood of the singil Chelon auratus of different age groups: a – hemoglobin concentration in the blood, б – number of erythrocytes in the blood, в – hemoglobin content in erythrocytes (HCE). Here and in Fig. 2, 5, 6: (⏉) – error of the mean value.

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3. Fig. 2. Morphometric characteristics (mean values) of circulating erythrocytes in the blood of the red scaly-tailed merganser Chelon auratus of different age groups: a – cell volume (Vc), б – nuclear volume (Vn), в – nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (NCR).

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4. Fig. 3. Correlation relationships for the “SGE — Vn” system (y = −12.1 × ln(x) + 58.7; R2 = 0.851) in the common mullet Chelon auratus: SGE — average hemoglobin content in erythrocytes, Vn — average volume of cell nucleus, (⌶, ⊢⊣) — errors of mean values.

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5. Fig. 4. Types of erythroid forms in the circulating blood of the Chelon auratus singil (←): a – cells with nuclear invaginations, б – dacryocytes, в – erythrocyte shadows, г – polychromatophilic normoblasts.

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6. Fig. 5. The proportion of erythrocyte anomalies in the circulating blood of the singil Chelon auratus of different age groups, % of the number of erythroid cells: a – invaginations of cell nuclei, б – dacryocytes, в – erythrocyte shadows.

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7. Fig. 6. Content of polychromatophilic normoblasts (PN) in the circulating blood of the singil Chelon auratus of different age groups, % of the number of erythroid cells.

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