Motherhood and infant feeding: Historical aspects and current practice: A review

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Abstract

In recent years there has been a deterioration in demographic indicators: a decrease in the birth rate, an increase in adult mortality, etc., due to numerous causes. In this context, the article addresses demographic issues related to subcultures and ideologies, such as childfree. The main characteristics of people classified as rejecters, aficionados, refusers, and postponers are discussed. We present the first results of a study conducted at the Khimki regional hospital. The study included 25 pregnant women. The survey results showed that most were planning a pregnancy before 30. A survey of expectant mothers indicated a positive attitude towards breastfeeding. The article discusses the issues of breastfeeding as an essential stage in forming a child's immunity and the factors of breastfeeding success. Women's nutrition during pregnancy and breastfeeding should be diverse and rich in vitamins and micronutrients. Special maternal drinks, such as Amalthea, based on New Zealand goat milk, can benefit breastfeeding. In the absence of breast milk, the selection of formula for the baby is one of the most challenging issues. It is important that the infant formula meet the child's nutritional needs to the maximum extent possible, including the functional milk components. For instance, the Nanny formula is based on New Zealand goat milk, using a single heat treatment process without separating milk into fractions, which preserves the native functional components of goat milk (oligosaccharides, nucleotides, milk fat).

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About the authors

Irina N. Zakharova

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Author for correspondence.
Email: zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4200-4598

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Russian Federation, Moscow

Narine G. Sugian

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Khimki Regional Hospital

Email: zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2861-5619

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Khimki Regional Hospital

Russian Federation, Moscow; Khimki

Angelina A. Kosareva

Saint Varsonofievsky Convent

Email: zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru

Pediatrician, Saint Varsonofievsky Convent

Russian Federation, Mordovia

Natalia V. German

Khimki Regional Hospital

Email: zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru

Obstetrician-Gynecologist, Khimki Regional Hospital

Russian Federation, Khimki

Iana V. Orobinskaia

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Khimki Regional Hospital

Email: zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru

Resident, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Khimki Regional Hospital

Russian Federation, Moscow; Khimki

Viktoriya V. Pupykina

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2181-8138

Resident, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Russian Federation, Moscow

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