Mysterious Akkermansia muciniphila. What do we know about it? A review

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Abstract

"Microbes and humans" is a topic that has been continuously studied over the past decade. Numerous recent studies show that quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota have direct and indirect effects on metabolic changes in the host. Many countries are researching the microbiome and opportunities to influence health through environmental modification and introducing a probiotic, a metabiotic, or a synbiotic into the body. Considerable attention is paid to metabolic disorders and obesity, as these are issues that are becoming a progressive global epidemic. More than 2 billion people are overweight and obese, and many experts continue to look for promising methods to combat it. A special group of high risk for obesity is children. Statistics show a steady upward trend of obesity in children. Over the past 10 years, this trend has shown a rapid pace: from 6.7%, according to 2010, to 9.1% by 2020. In this context, Akkermansia muciniphila attracts special attention among all bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract due to its potential to treat insulin resistance, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. This article reviews new research on the A. muciniphila effects on the host and ways to correct metabolism using probiotics.

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About the authors

Irina N. Zakharova

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Author for correspondence.
Email: zakharova-rmapo@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4200-4598

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.

Russian Federation, Moscow

Irina V. Berezhnaya

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Bashlyaeva Children`s City Clinical Hospital

Email: berezhnaya-irina26@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2847-6268

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Natalia F. Dubovets

Bashlyaeva Children`s City Clinical Hospital

Email: skorpionka_n@mail.ru

Pediatrician

Russian Federation, Moscow

Ekaterina V. Skorobogatova

Bashlyaeva Children`s City Clinical Hospital

Email: dgkb-bashlyaevoy@zdrav.mos.ru

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Ekaterina A. Dubovets

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: ekaterinka1501@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1830-0357

Student

Russian Federation, Moscow

Alexandra A. Dubovets

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: alexa_sascha@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9804-4364

Student

Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Specific biomolecules produced by Akkermansia muciniphila and their mechanisms of action (Fig. adapted from P. Cani, et al) [22].

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