Вторые злокачественные опухоли у лиц, перенесших онкологическое заболевание в детстве


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Развитие второго злокачественного новообразования (ЗНО) является одним из наиболее серьезных отдаленных осложнений у детей, перенесших лечение по поводу первой злокачественной опухоли. Проводимое химиолучевое лечение является канцерогенным фактором развития второго ЗНО. Органы и ткани детского организма с учетом степени зрелости, микроокружения, возраста и факторов образа жизни по-разному восприимчивы к канцерогенному воздействию химиопрепаратов и лучевой терапии. С учетом увеличения числа больных, излеченных от первого ЗНО, совершенствование терапии направлено на уменьшение риска развития вторых ЗНО по мере роста и развития детского организма. Определение факторов риска вторых ЗНО и разработка мер, направленных на снижение частоты развития вторых опухолей у лиц, излеченных от первого онкологического заболевания, являются важной задачей современной онкопедиатрии. В настоящей работе представлены наиболее часто встречающиеся опухоли детского возраста, после терапии которых происходит развитие вторых ЗНО. Освещены факторы риска и сроки развития вторых опухолей. Отдельное внимание уделено рекомендациям по наблюдению лиц, излеченных от ЗНО в детском возрасте.

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Татьяна Юрьевна Павлова

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России

врач-педиатр, детский онколог детского отд-ния химиотерапии гемобластозов Москва, Россия

Тимур Теймуразович Валиев

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России

Email: timurvaliev@mail.ru
д-р мед. наук, зав. детским отд-нием химиотерапии гемобластозов Москва, Россия

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