Adenoiditis in children: A modern view of the etiology and preventive treatment. A review

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Abstract

The pharyngeal tonsil (PT) in a child is an integral part of the NALT (Nasopharynx-Associated Lymphoid Tissue), lymphoid tissue associated with the nasopharyngeal mucosa, which is part of the structure of the Waldeyer's tonsillar ring. The terminology of PT disorders in children is still debatable. In the current edition of the Russian consensus paper, "adenoiditis" means reactive inflammatory changes in the PT, as an organ of regional mucosal immunity, occurring when the nasal and pharyngeal mucosa are exposed to antigens. Currently, there is no definitive consensus on the objective markers of adenoiditis, as well as clear diagnostic criteria. In addition, the causes of adenoiditis in children are quite numerous. The article discusses these and other controversial issues, as well as practical approaches to prevent and treat adenoiditis.

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About the authors

Elena P. Karpova

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Author for correspondence.
Email: edoctor@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8292-9635

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.

Russian Federation, Moscow

Denis A. Tulupov

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Filatov Children's City Clinical Hospital

Email: edoctor@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6096-2082

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof.

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

Oleg G. Naumov

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Filatov Children's City Clinical Hospital; Bashlyaeva Children's City Clinical Hospital

Email: edoctor@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8243-8385

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow; Moscow

Larisa I. Usenia

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: edoctor@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-2779-5931

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Vladimir A. Belov

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: edoctor@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2955-2015

Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

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