Assessment of the state of compensatory resources and the degree of adaptation of the body to environmental conditions in full-term infants: cross-sectional study

Aim. Assessment of the state of compensatory resources and the degree of adaptation of the body to environmental conditions in early and full-term infants in comparison with each other and with practically healthy children.

Materials and methods. Under the supervision of 135 infants. 110 were born from mothers with a burdened somatic and obstetric-gynecological history, 41 of them were born at 37–38 weeks (Group 1), 69 at 39–42 weeks (Group 2). The control group (Group 3) consisted of 25 practically healthy children born to practically healthy mothers as a result of physiological pregnancies and childbirth at 38–40 weeks. The children were examined in dynamics at the age of 1 (n=126), 3 (n=116), 6 (n=110), 12 (n=111) months. A comprehensive analysis of the data of anamnesis, physical examination, cardiointervalography was carried out. The following parameters were evaluated initially and in response to the tilt test: mode (М₀), mode amplitude (AM₀), delta x (∆Х), voltage index (IN). Nonparametric methods of statistical analysis were used.

Results. At the age of 2 to 3 days infants born to women with a history of poor health recorded a significant decrease in the median IN₁ value, respectively, in Groups 1, 2, and 3, which indicates a decrease in compensatory reserves, particularly in neonates born at 38–40 weeks. At 1 month of age, Group 1 and 2 had higher median IN₁ values of 804 and 746 versus 550 in Group 3, indicating the development of compensatory resource tension, particularly in children born at 37–38 weeks. At 3 months of age, children in group 1 retained a compensatory tension of IN₁ resources – 521 versus 468 and 460 in groups 2 and 3. At 6 months of age, there is a slight decrease in compensatory IN₁ reservers at 6 months of age in children from women with a history of a history of a history of a history of a disease – 376 and 357 versus 400 in Group 3. At 12 months of age, children in the main groups have even more decreased compensatory resources, especially in group 1 IN₁ – 206, 284 and 380 respectively in groups 1, 2 and 3.

Conclusion. The decrease of functional reserve of adaptation in children of groups 1st and 2nd was facilitated by the influence burdened with somatic and obstetric-gynecological history of mothers, regardless of gestational age and subsequently the health characteristics of children themselves. The statistically significant differences found in the state of compensatory resources and the degree of adaptation of the organism to environmental conditions justify the personalized approach, which justifies a personalized approach when choosing rehabilitation measures.