Difficulties of evaluation of pyeloectasia in children

Pyelectasis is one of the most common pathologies on the part of the urinary system, which is detected by ultrasound examination carried out for medical reasons or during medical examination. When a pronounced pathology from the urinary system is detected, the question of management tactics does not arise. The child is sent for a consultation with a urologist (nephrologist) for an examination in order to clarify the diagnosis. But much more often pyelectasis is not large, and its assessment presents certain difficulties.

Aim. To study and analyze the protocols of ultrasound examination according to the data of outpatient records of patients observed by a nephrologist, urologist with a diagnosis of pyeloectasia.

Materials and methods. Outpatient records of 112 children aged from 1 month to 17 years old were analyzed; clinic with diagnoses: pyelectasis and pyelectasis in combination with urinary tract infection, cystitis, neurogenic bladder, enuresis.

Results. A comparative analysis of ultrasound studies performed at the place of residence and repeated in our center, subject to the water regime, with sufficient filling of the bladder and after emptying, was carried out. The dynamics of pyeloectasia at various intervals and the pathology revealed after additional examinations, which required surgical treatment, is shown. The article discusses the errors and difficulties in the diagnosis of pyeloectasia in children, the frequent combination of this pathology with an infection of the urinary system, neurogenic bladder, vesicoureteral reflux.

Conclusion. The preparation for ultrasound examination of the urinary system is substantiated. When evaluating the results of ultrasound, it is necessary to take into account the clinical and laboratory data to make a decision on the tactics of patient management.